The global context of child work is increasing with a very rapid number in recent time. Child is engaging different types of work in search of their livelihood. Research of UNICEF and the International Labor Organization (ILO) shows that children are involved in more than 400 types of work, with 47 of these identified as hazardous. Various risk features for health are initiates in their working place (BBS, 2015). Working children remain to face a lot of problems in their workplace. This study links the livelihood pattern and health pursuing behavior of working children in the Khulna City Corporation area. Malnutrition was more predominant among working children as 33% health position of children is mostly regarding an issue at present-days because it happened more among working children mostly its unhygienic and polluted environment (Hai, 2014). 

The devastating majority of working children are found in emerging states. Working Children are mainly created from those families who are fighting against poverty and trying to advancement their family condition.  Children from those families do not become workers cheerfully but the decline of socio-economic conditions armies them to be child wor-kers (Goswami, 2012). Although Bangladeshs finan-cial statement for less than 2 percent of the world population, it is the home of 6.6 million working children, accounting for more than 5 percent of the worlds working child population numbering 120 million. In Bangladesh children are found working in almost all the working sectors are most susceptible. Many of them work 48 hours a week on average, producing less than 500 takas per month. A great quantity of children works in several occupations that are perilous and hazardous (Hossain, 2015).

The current work was acknowledged to gather over-all material on the health status of working children of Khulna city. Being the most settled and poverty distressed states of the world, the health problem of working has become lone of the major concerns for the supervision and the people of Bangladesh (Salma and Ray, 2014).  According to BBS, among the chil-dren, several working children are set up in refuse sites in urban Bangladesh and majority lived under the poverty line or dangerous levels of poverty situation.  Many occupations contain working in haz-ardous conditions that endanger the childs physical or emotional health and decent development through unsafe environments, precarious or overly-long wor-king hours (BBS, 2013). Bangladesh is a heavily populated country. Different sorts of the population live here but minority of them are exposed. Child labor is a public phenomenon here (Maria, 2016). The quantity of child work is accumulative in urban areas at a startling rate and they are finished haz-ardous situations to survive. The dominance of child-ren at work proliferations in latest years and has become a stark problem during the world, especially in many poor developing countries of Asia, Africa (Korme, 2017). Being one of the greatest heavily populated and poverty-stricken countries in the realm, the problem of children at work has become the main apprehensions for the administration and the people of Bangladesh (Save the children, 2015). Numerous juvenile workers are found in action in urban Bangladesh and majority of them survived under the poverty line or exciting levels of poverty situation. Childhood influence is very important to take the development approaches for any nation. Still a considerable number of young aged people are including in economic activities at an early age. In Bangladesh, the total quantity of children matured 5-14 years is 35.06 million among which working children is around 5.05 million (Marufa et al., 2019).

Various commended actions are required to reduce corruption and to expand the socio-economic situ-ation of the teenagers at work in municipal areas. Thus to detect all the problem conditions of ado-lescent labor in their adaptation method in the urban area mainly in the metropolitan city of Bangladesh, the study of the teenagers at work in urban areas does intellect its necessity (Animesh et al. 2019). Investigation on the ‘situation analysis and need assessment of working children gets the importance to reveal the current existing conditions of the subse-quent generation of the country. Because of the huge child workers existence in urban areas the study needs to be shown in urban location as a recognized metropolitan city like Khulna to fulfill its cons-equence (Kalam, 2007). So this work is very urgent to emphasis on the livelihood pattern and health seeking deeds of the child who were labors at an early age in our humanity, to specify the barriers for celebrated future life, to discover the present situ-ation of them & to concentration on their recent positions.

This revision is cross-sectional study works shown at ward no. 21 in Borya slum area and ward no. 24 in Niralaarea under Khulna City Corporation of Bang-ladesh. The study area was nominated purposively and working children existing in this area aged the age group 9 to below 18 years were pain-staking as the population of this work. Since itwas difficult to accumulate information almost fromall the working childrenexist in in those areas, we selected a minor-number of partakers (sample) analytically for our survey. The participants were nominated through simple random sampling technique (lottery method without replacement) expending the sample frame obtained from the particular ward com-mission offices. Using the following method of sample size determination, a model size 166 of designated con-sidering a confidence interval 5.05 then, in accor-dance to area ratio of the population in selected region, 166 working child were selected proportion-ately as the model of the study.

SS=(Z^2 x P(1-P))/C^2 

〖SS〗_i=SS/(1+(SS-1)/Pop)

Here, 

SS  = Sample Size

SSi  = Sample Size, according to Population

Z = Confidence Level (i.e. 1.96 for 95% con-fidence level)

P = Percentage of Picking a Choice (i.e. 0.5 used for sample size needed)

C = Confidence Interval (i.e. 5.05)

Pop = Population

Calculation of Sample Size 

SS=(〖(1.96)〗^2×o.5 (1-0.5))/〖(0.0505)〗^2 

= (3.842×0.5 ×0.5)/0.00255025

=0.9604/0.00255025

= 376.59

Correction for Finite Population

〖SS〗_i=ss/(1+(ss-1)/pop)

=   376.59/(1+(376.59-1)/296)

 =   376.59/(1+375.59/296)

 = 376.59/(1+1.2688851351)

 =  376.59/2.2688851351

 = 165.98

= 166

Anin-depth review of pertinent literature was done for organising the designed interview schedule used in this work. All the information was together through the September and October 2019 through face-to-face interviews. The data composed were man-aged and analysed through Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 software. These variables were found significant in around of the previous studies (Marufa et al., 2019; Animesh et al., 2019; Korme, 2017; Maria, 2016; Salma and Ray, 2014). For ethical clearance, the research data were accepted by ethical permission from the relevant respondents and the respondent participant voluntarily. Confidentiality was maintained so that no information no information would be linked to specific respondent.

Table 1: Demographic and socio-economic infor-mation of the participants (Source: Field Survey, 2019).

The demographic and socioeconomic features of the respondents show in Table 1 Findings reveal that around 42 percent of the respondents belong to the age of 13 to 15, around 32 percent of whom are belong to 16 to 18 and the repose of them belong to 9 to 12 years. It states that round 54 percent of the participants are belong to class 1 to 5 and around 46 percent of who are belong to class 6 to 10. Around 69 percent respondents are Muslims and around 31 percent are non-Muslims. So here the scenario shows that majority of the participants are Islamic believers while very few belonged to the religious belief of Hinduism, Christianity and others. Besides, that everywhere 42 percentages of the respondents father day labour, around 42 percent of them are rickshaw/ van puller whereas only 12 percent of them are petty trader. Moreover, it states that about 66 percentage of the respondents mother are house-wife, about 25 percent of them are house servant and about 8 percentages of them are day labour. This table demonstrates that around 58 percent of them earn BDT 1000 to 4000 take each month, around 39 percent earn 4001 to 8000 taka per month and rest of them earn 8001 to 12000 taka per month. The mean earnings of the respondents is about BDT 4648 taka.

 Bivariate analysis

Table 2: Information about Socio-economic Determinants affecting the covariates (Source: Field Survey, 2019).

Notes; χ2 = Pearson chi-square; ** Significance level at 5% and *** Significance level at 1%

The influence of education of the participants on use of toilet through are direct, in low year of schooling it is difficult to use hygienic toilet for their better health. The associationamong education and use of toilet is observed in the above Table. The findings represent that use of toilet was highly associated with their year of schooling. The difference was statistically signified (x2 = 10.067; P <.007).The re-sult of education of the respondents on use of pro-tection through are direct, in low year of schooling it is difficult to use protection for their safety. The con-nection between education and the usage of pro-tection is tested in the above table. The findings rep-resent that use of protection was highly associated with their year of schooling. The difference was statistically signified (x2 = 11.050; P <.005). The things of nature of work of the participants on help from NGOs through are direct; in temporary job it is difficult to get help from NGOs. The affiliation bet-ween nature of work and help from NGOs is exa-mined in the above table. The findings represent that help from the NGOs were highly associated with the nature of works. The difference was statistically signified (x2=7.168; P <.028). The effect using toilet of the participantson diseases through are direct, in using unhygienic toilet it is difficult to lead better health. The correlation between diseases and use of toilet is examined in the above table. The findings represent that diseases were highly associated with their use of toilet. The difference was statistically signified (x2 =19.999; P <.000). In addition, for the asymmetrical significant is .000 express the strong connection between effects of diseases with use of toilet. The effect of education of the respondents on health seeking treatment through are direct, in low year of schooling it is difficult to seek treatment for their health. The correlation between education and health seeking behaviour is examined in the above table. The findings represent that seeking treatment was highly associated with their year of schooling. The difference was statistically signified (Fishers exact test = 8.057; P <.050).

In this chapter, under the title of basic information of the occupied children, the data showed that, main-stream of the respondents education level was under 54.2 percent and the second 45.8 percent was under secondary education level. This study stated that about 81 percent of the respondents family head is father whereas about 18 percentages is mother. It depicts that maximum of the respondents lives in the town areas and it is about 72 percent whereas about 28 percent of the respondents live in the rus-tic areas (ICDDRB, 2019). It also stated around 58 percent of them earn 1000 to 4000 tk per month and the average recurrent family earnings is around 13995 taka. Under the title of working environment of child worker, around 32 percent of the res-pondents are day labour, around 24 percent of whom are hotel boy and most of them (around 56 percent) are full time employee. And around half of them are permanent worker. The study also depicts that the relationship of the child worker with their employee is not good. Most of the time they are deprived and dominated by their employee. Besides most of them do not use protection or safety guard during their work time because of lack of opportunity and education that is why there is big possibility of being injured (MacKian, 2003). On the other indicator, they do not get proper medical assistance by their employee. Most of the working child gives part of their income to their family. Here it stated that majo-rity of them changed their occupation due to low income and torture in their labour place.  Food nut-rition and healthcare facilities stated that 39 percent of them take meal with their parents, around 34 per-cent of them with employers, around 24 percent of them self and the repose of them are with relatives and others. Here 55 percent of the respondents sources of water are supply water and around 45 f the respondents sources of water is deep tube-well. This section showed that around 60 percentages of the respondents use sanitary toilet and maximum of them share their toilet with others (Asraful and Datta, 2019). As they share their toilet with others that is why there is a huge possibility of being affec-ted with several diseases and is concerning that most of them suffer from some diseases such as fever diar-rhoea and cholera and around 72 percent of the res-pondents seek treatment from allopathic. It stated that around 48 percent of their parents bear their cost, around 36 percent are self. Besides these addic-tion habit is very concerning issue in recent time and this work showed that more than half of the parti-cipants have addiction habit. The concerns of child labor, the data depicted that around 68 percent of the participantsare punished in their workplace which is very concerning issue in recent time, sometimes they also arrested and tortured by police as well. Besides these many children are so much enthusiastic to sex-ual intercourse now a day and the data depict that around 20 percent of who are experienced with sexual intercourse before their suitable age (Islam and Islam, 2021; Syed and Normand, 2012). 

Government and NGOs initiatives of child labor, the data stated the government and NGOs initiatives of juvenile labor for their betterment. The data depict that around 73 percent of the total respondents do not get any help from government and NGOs. It also stated that around 27percent of them get help from government and the type of help is relief based (Syed and Kielmann, 2012). Most of the occupied children originate from poor families. They are imposed to leave their families due to scarcity, hunger, neglect, and sometimes abuse. They are expanded in risky jobs. The mainstream of the working children is un-aware of the only primary passed and most of them do not read and write. They cannot go to school due to poverty. So they do not conscious of their basic rights. Working children work in different homes like a hotel, shop, day labor, welding, tailors and so on. When a child makes dangerous and unsatis-factory jobs from an early age, he or she gets a very little chance to acquire skills thus they remained unskilled. So they do not get better jobs. Working children have the precise to access nutrition, medical care and education to be a participant of society. But the majority of the working children are unhealthy, badly continued and without education (Syed and Adams, 2000). Occupied children are insolvent of nutrition, food, required for healthy progress and expansion. Their existing condition is unhygienic due to the mass of waste lying around, lack of safe drinking water, simple air and noise pollution. The respondents live in employer houses, working place or low hired slum areas and they face many pro-blems. They suffer from diverse types of diseases are diarrhea, meal ease, headache, cough, and other diseases. Due to a deficiency of money, they cannot deal with their diseases. Many diseases and illnesses are often ignored by his or her family or him or her self-due to poverty. Some working children usually take little anticipative care, seeking assistance, only when the problem becomes serious (Mustaque and Bhuiya, 2003). Many of them are drug-addicted. Some working children do not lead normal life due to drug and also many of them faced economical or physical punishment in working place and most helpless situations for working girls being abused in different situations. In joining a job they neither get no concentration from the employer about the rule of child labor nor aid nor support from Govt. and NGOs. In terms of their interaction with social faci-lities and involvement in the labor forces, they are the most disadvantaged.

Todays child is tomorrows future. They stand the most valuable wealth of every nation. But inapp-ropriately they are affianced in various works owing to poverty. Teen labor is renowned as a global health problem. And it is regret that this problem is very much severe in our country. It is easy in the Indus-trialized world to think child labor a problem of the past, but recent news stories have brought the matter back under the spotlight.  In the recent years the rate of child labor is growing day by day in our country. It is identicalessential to control this tendency otherwise it would damage our overall development. Without controlling the child labor situation, it is quite impossible to ensure countrys progress. But to control the child labor situation is not an easy task. If we want to minimize child labor propensity then we need to resistor its related aspects such as poverty, family inefficiency, over urbanization, over industria- lization etc. Without the help of general people, it is quite impossible to remove this situation only for Government. Various NGOs also work to remove child labor situation from our country, but their power is limited. It is also very much necessary to combination between Government Organization and Non-Government Organization. Further researches are also needed to recognize the present situation of child labor in our country. To control this problem, it is required to afford these facilities is access to health care facilities, access to clean water, improved educational facilities, to control fertility etc. If we want to improve these facilities, then we deter-mination be gifted to control the acute problem from our country.

The researcher greatly obliged his supervisor, Dr. Md. Jabbar, Professor, Sociology Discipline, Khulna University for his kind supervision, intellectual moti-vation, valuable advice and continuous guidance. The researcher would not be able to accomplish this paper without his careful readings of many drafts, rapid and practical feedback, and guidance that he provided. Alongside, the researcher also grateful to all his teachers of sociology discipline who have supported his by their advices and guidance many times in his study period.

The researcher declares no possible conflict of interest concerning the study, data collection & ana-lysis, authorship, and/or publication of this present article.