univerge site banner
Original Article | Open Access | Eur. J. Med. Health Sci., 4(4), 130-137 | doi: 10.34104/ejmhs.022.01300137

The Dynamics of the Parental Satisfaction of the Children Receiving Occupational Therapy Services in a Resource-Limited Setting

Eleyinde S. Tayo* Mail Img ,
Enogiomwan Blessing Mail Img ,
Oladipupo E. Adebola Mail Img

Abstract

The need to continuously appraise the satisfaction of the recipients of Occupational therapy (OT) services cannot be over-emphasized especially in settings where the practice can be best described as emerging and where there seems to be an inconsistent utilization of the service despite obvious significant positive outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the dynamics of the satisfaction of the parents of the children receiving paediatric Occupational therapy services in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 100 parents of children receiving OT paediatric service in six Tertiary Health Institutions in two geopolitical zones in Nigeria was conducted. The participants were recruited with convenient sampling. Data was collected with Measures of Process of Care (MPOC-20) and analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) on SPSS 22.0 Version. Findings showed that the parents level of satisfaction was to a fairly great extent (Aggregate Mean =5.43) and there was no significant difference in the level of satisfaction of the parents based on gender or the geographical locations of the parents (F-Value of 2.25 and P = 0.56 of > α =0.05). Despite the limited resources and relatively- low awareness of OT in Nigeria, parents of children receiving Occupational therapy services are satisfied, though to a fairly great extent. Parents expectations and yearnings for quality OT service are uniforms across the different zone of Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that OT practitioners in low and middle-income countries should from time- to -time evaluate the perception of their clients on the services provided to foster quality and collaborative care. 

INTRODUCTION

Satisfaction refers to a state of pleasure or contentment with an action, event, or service, especially one that was previously desired (Hornsby & Crouther, 2000). In the context of patient care, satisfaction is the app-raisal of the patients desires and expectations of health care (Ofili & Ofovwe, 2005). This implies that patient satisfaction is the perception of the care received compared with the care expected by the patients (Aiello et al., 2000). Evaluating the extent to which patients are satisfied with health services is clinically relevant (Eki-Udoko & Atimati, 2019). Since parents play a vital role in the care of their children and deter-mine where and when care is accessed (Israel et al., 2017), appraising their satisfaction with the services their children receive is very essential. Also, assessing parental satisfaction in a health system is more likely to determine compliance with treatment and future usage of such medical services and the reverse is usually the case when they are not satisfied (Eki-Udoko & Atimati, 2019) irrespective of the nature of the health service. Occupational therapy is one of the health services available to children with different health challenges. Occupational therapy is a health profession that uses purposeful activities to achieve multiple and complex rehabilitation aims (Abaoğlu, 2017). Occupational therapy is concerned with enhan-cing well-being across all ages (Bolt et al., 2019). Paediatric occupational therapists promote indepen-dence, personal growth and development to improve the quality of life for children who have disabilities, diseases, or face daily life limitations (Mahendran & Dinesh, 2019). Occupational therapists collaborate with different agencies, one of which is the parents. By working collaboratively, occupational therapists supp-ort parents to adapt and manage everyday life with their children and set goals in childrens daily routines (Jaffe et al., 2010), in addition to other general pae-diatric services. 

Therefore, Occupational therapists acknowledge the significant role of parents in providing holistic care. They are conscious of the fact that collaboration with parents is related to the childs progress ( Dunn, 2011) and that parents can provide unique information about a childs interests, abilities and needs that can influence the therapy programme (Jaffe et al., 2010). Also, studies have affirmed that parents´ views, choices, and activities in everyday life significantly influence child-rens opportunities for participation, as the choices tend to determine the opportunities available for the child and the environments in which the child operates (Shields & Synnot, 2016). Moreso, parents satis-faction has been considered a vital component in the evaluation of occupational therapy interventions in the paediatric population (Mahendran & Dinesh, 2019). 

Parents satisfaction with Occupational therapy ser-vices has been associated with reduction of symptoms and improved adherence to the therapeutic regimen (Caitlin et al., 2018). McCall and Scheck, (2000) further argue that parent perceptions of Occupational therapy interventions may be affected by poor therapist communication and this could limit the beneficial effect of service provision for children if the parents needs and expectations are not met. Carrigan et al. (2001) in the same vein posits that determinants of parents satisfaction with OT interventions have been identified as seeing an overall improvement, enjoy-ment of therapy sessions, opportunities for group as well as individual sessions, provisions of home pro-grammes and school visits by the therapist. 

However, there is a lack of research that evaluates parents perception of the quality of paediatric care their child receives even though interest in parental satisfaction with healthcare providers who treat child-ren with different disabilities has increased (Green, 2001). This further confirms that there is limited Occu-pational therapy research that evaluates parent satis-faction in pediatrics (Rodgers et al., 2018 & Caitlin et al., 2018). The dearth of research in this area is even more apparent in low and middle-income countries like Nigeria in which Occupational therapy can be best described as just emerging (Eleyinde et al., 2018) a situation that underscores the relevance of this study.

Resource-limited settings and research in rehabili-tation services

According to World Health Organization, (2020), re-habilitation needs are largely unmet in Low and Middle-Income Countries (Resource-limited settings) like Nigeria. Lack of rehabilitation-inclusive health-care infrastructure, inadequate human resources and scarce evidence-based information have also been identified to be characteristic of rehabilitation services in these settings (Khan et al., 2017) and this has continued to negatively impact the general health care delivery as well as widening the research gaps in many essential services such as paediatric care. No doubt, a few studies have been carried out to evaluate satis-faction with some services in Nigeria (Ofili & Ofovwe, 2005; Israel-Aina et al., 2017; Eki-Udoko & Atimati, 2019; Isara et al., 2021), but none has focused on rehabilitation care. Thus the need for more studies in this area cannot be over-emphasized. More import-antly, addressing parents satisfaction in service deli-very in resource-limited settings can help achieve an objective appraisal of Occupational therapy services as well as enhance the promotion of the growing pro-fession. 

Objectives of the study

This study aimed to understand the dynamics of the parental satisfaction of the children receiving occupa-tional therapy services in Nigeria. To identify the level of satisfaction of the parents of the children receiving occupational therapy services in Nigeria. To determine if there is any difference in the level of satisfaction between the male and female parents. To determine if there is any difference in the level of satisfaction across the different occupational therapy facilities in the different geographical locations

Research Question

The following research questions were raised for the study:

1) What is the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Occupational therapy services?

2) Is there a difference in the level of parents satis-faction with paediatric Occupational therapy ser-vices based on the gender of the parents?

3) Is there a difference in the level of parents satis-faction with paediatric occupational therapy ser-vices based on the geographical location of the parents?

Research Hypothesis

Research question 1 was answered directly while ques-tions 2 and 3 were turned into hypotheses thus:

Ho1: There is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric occupational the-rapy services based on gender.

Ho2: There is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric occupational the-rapy services based on the geographical location of the parents.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This study adopted a qualitative method and a cross-sectional survey design was employed. The population of this study comprised parents of patients with pae-diatric conditions who receive therapy at the Paediatric Out-Patient Clinic of Occupational Therapy Depart-ment at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin; Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital (FNPH), Aro; Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital (FN-PH), Uselu, Benin; Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital (FNPH), Yaba; Federal Orthopedic Hospital (FOH), Igbobi and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (OAUTH), Ile-Ife, which are located in the southwest and the south-south geopolitical zones of Nigeria.

Sample and Sampling Technique

The convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 100 parents of children between the age of 3 months and 14yrs receiving Occupational therapy service in the institutions who do not receive any other rehabilitative care during the research period under review. The respondents comprised 93 females and 7 males Table 1. And their distribution is outlined in Table 2. The number of respondents in the different institutions is partly indicative of how Occupational therapy service is being utilized in the settings.

The instrument for data collection

The instrument used for the collection of data was the "Measure of Process of Care (MPOC) Questionnaire. The MPOC contains 20 items which have five factors analytically determined scales (King, Cathers, King and Rosenbaum 2001); Enabling and Partnership (3 items), Providing General Information (5 items), Pro-viding Specific Information about the child (3 items), Respectful and Supportive care (4 items) and Co-ordinated and Comprehensive Care for the child and family (5 items). The MPOC rated 20 items on a 7-point scale from 1 to 7 and 0 which indicates not app-licable. Scoring was done thus: 0 = Not applicable, 1 = Not at all, 2 = To a very small extent, 3 = To a small extent, 4 = To a moderate extent, 5 = To a fairly great extent, 6 = To a great extent, 7 = To a very great ex-tent. This scale reflects the extent to which an aspect and situation happen during therapy. 

All recruited subjects were administered the question-naire after get-ting their consent and they were re-quested to respond genuinely to the questions having guaranteed the confidentiality of the information pro-vided. All grey areas were clarified without giving away the answer(s) or biasing any response(s). All questionnaires were checked for completeness of response(s) on return. Participants were encouraged to provide answers to any questions and their right to decline was respected.

Data Analysis

The data obtained were analyzed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The demographic data was presented in fre-quency tables and percentages while pie and bar charts were also used to illustrate the obtained responses. 

Research question 1 was analyzed using the mean. Hypothesis 1 was analyzed using t-test statistics while Hypothesis 2 was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance.

RESULTS

The first part shows the respondents demographic data and the other section deals with the research questions and testing of hypotheses

Table 1: Gender of Respondents.

Table 1 shows that out of 100 respondents, 7 (7.0%) were male while 93 (93.0%) were female. The respon-dents were mostly females.

Data in Table 2 shows that out of 100 respondents, 2 (2.0%) were from OAUTH, IFE; 9 (9.0%) were from FNPH, USELU; 10 (10.0%) were from FNPH, ARO; 31 (31.0%) were from FNPH, YABA; 19 (19.0%) were from FOH, IGBOBI while 29 (29.0%) were from UBTH, BENIN. Fig. 2 also showed the distribution of Institution of respondents in percentage. Most of the respondents were from FNPH, YABA.

Table 2: Distribution of Respondents.

Responses on the research questions and testing of hypotheses

Research Question 1: What is the level of parents satisfaction with Occupational therapy services for OT paediatric service?

Table 3: Summary of Mean Responses on Level of Parents Satisfaction with Occupational Therapy Services for OT Paediatric service (N = 100).

Criterion mean = 3.50; Aggregate mean=5.43 (Fairly Great Extent)

Fig. 1: Mean Responses of Level of Parents Satisfaction with paediatric Occupational Therapy Services.

Data in Table 3 shows that items 1, 4and 5 had cor-responding mean scores of 5.76, 5.90 and 6.08 res-pectively above the criterion mean of 3.50 and were rated to a great extent on parents satisfaction with occupational therapy services for paediatric conditions. Items 2 and 3 had corresponding mean scores of 4.87 and 4.53 respectively and rated to a fairly great extent on parents satisfaction with occupational therapy services for paediatric conditions. In summary, with an aggregate mean score of 5.43, the parents rated to a fairly great extent the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Occupational therapy services. Fig. 1 also showed the mean responses of level of parents satis-faction with Occupational therapy services for pae-diatric conditions. Comprehensive and Coordinated Care recorded the highest mean

Hypothesis 1 

There is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Occupational the-rapy services based on gender.

Table 4: T-test Analysis of Difference in the Level of Parents Satisfaction with Occupational Therapy Services for Paediatric Care based on Gender.

Data in Table 4 shows a calculated – t value of 1.14at a 0.05 levelof significance and degree of freedom of 98. It indicated a P value of .256 which was higher than the alpha level of 0.05. Thus, the result was not significant. The null hypothesis was therefore retained. This implies that there is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Oc-cupational therapy services based on gender.

Hypothesis 2 

There is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with Paediatric Occupational the-rapy service based on the geographical location of the parents.

Table 5: One – Way ANOVA Summary of Difference in the Level of Parents Satisfaction with paediatric Oc-cupational Therapy Services for based on the geographical location of the parents.

Data in Table 5 shows a One-way Analysis of Vari-ance (ANOVA) summary of the difference in the level of parents satisfaction with Occupational therapy ser-vices for pediatric care based on geographical location. It showed a calculated F-value of 2.251 and a P-value of .056 which is higher than the alpha level of 0.05. Thus, the result was not significant. The null hypo-thesis was therefore retained. It was concluded that there is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Occupational therapy ser-vices based on geographical locations.

DISCUSSION

The first concern of this study was to find out the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric occupational therapy services. The finding revealed that the level of parents satisfaction with Occupational therapy ser-vices for pediatric care was fair. Parents rated to a fairly great extent the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Occupational therapy services with an aggre gate mean score of 5.43. This is consistent with the findings of Caitlin et al. (2018) and Boyana et al. (2006) which indicated a moderate to a high level of satisfaction for parents related to the OT services that their child received. This is also supported with other studies in paediatric care in UBTH in which parents reported high level of satisfaction (Ofili & Ofovwe, 2005, Israel-Aina et al., 2017, Eki-Udoko & Atimati, 2019). The finding further pointed out that parents are satisfied with the comprehensive and coordinated care services, respective and supportive care services and enabling partnership services rendered by Occupa-tional therapy practitioners to a great extent than that of provision of information whether general or specific. Rodger et al. (2008) similarly affirmed this finding in their study that the families including the parents were more satisfied when the OT validated their observation, listened empathically and created an individualized plan that was unique to their family and was not text book in approach. However, this finding is at variance with the results of a similar study in a High-Income Country Setting in which parents ranked home suggestions when communicated clearly by the Occupational Therapists as the highest component of satisfaction (Boyana et al., 2006).The finding is also contrary to the report of Kolehmainen et al. (2010) and Blue-Banning et al. (2004) in which parents placed a high value on communication with the therapist as well as access to therapy. This suggests that parents of children receiving Occupational therapy in Nigeria have a higher priority for comprehensive and co-ordinated care services and respective and supportive care services than communication with them on the home programme. This finding then implies that there is a need for Occupational therapy practitioners in LMICs to improve in their service delivery and should always endeavour that their services are compre-hensive and coordinated, respective and supportive especially in paediatric services. The second concern was to determine if there is any difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric occupational therapy services based on gender. Findings revealed that there is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with paediatric Occupational the-rapy services based on gender. There are differences in the way a man and a woman think and view things (Hudson & Jacot, 1991). In Nigeria like other LMICs, there is a common belief that a child that is "not doing well" (e.g. a child with disabilities) is for the mother while the "good one" is for the father, which reflects the variation in the perception of the two parents, however, there was a consensus in their satisfaction with OT service. That the male and female parents level of satisfaction does not differ probably suggests that parents perception of the indexes of satisfaction of Occupational therapy paediatric services was similar. 

In line with this, Carrigan et al. (2001) argue that determinants of parents satisfaction with OT inter-ventions have been identified as seeing an overall improvement, enjoyment of therapy sessions, oppo-rtunities for group as well as individual sessions, pro-visions of home programmes and school visits by the therapists. This argument agrees with McCall and Schneck, (2000) who asserted that parents perceptions of OT interventions could be affected by poor therapist communication and this could limit the beneficial effect of service provision for children if the parents needs and expectations are not met. Also, there was no difference between male and female parents both in expectation and their satisfaction with their findings. The third concern of this study was to ascertain if there is any difference in the level of parents satisfaction with occupational therapy services for pediatric care based on geographical location. The finding revealed that there is no significant difference in the level of parents satisfaction with Occupational therapy ser-vices for their children based on geographical location. 

Although there are different prevalent beliefs on children with disabilities in the different geo-political zones in Nigeria (Adegbemigun et al. 2019) which often affect their expectations and resultantly their satisfaction with the services rendered to them, yet there was uniformity in their level of satisfaction. This again affirms the findings of previous studies (McCall and Schneck, 2000 and Carrigan et al., 2001) that the clients satisfaction with OT services is largely depen-dent on the quality of the service, skill and attitude of the OT practitioners and not the predominant belief in the clients environment. This result then suggests that parents are yearning for qualitative service delivery from Occupational therapy practitioners regarding the pediatric care services rendered to their wards. In support of this, Moll, Billick and Valdes, (2018) concluded that the best practice for OTs includes, facilitating goal setting with clients and communi-cating efficiently with parents, allowing them to ask questions for comprehension of the clinical aspects, explaining the childs procedures and providing follow up time to discuss improvements or setbacks. They added also that to provide optimal holistic care to paediatric patients, cooperation with the parents can be an asset to the therapeutic process. Similarly, it has been posited that, regardless of setting, parents want therapists to be enthusiastic and committed to pro-viding concrete help and improving the childs quality of life (Egilson, 2011). Therefore, Occupational the-rapy practitioners in Nigeria like other low and middle income countries should continue to be committed to rendering quality services, especially in the indicated areas by the parents to foster their satisfaction.

Limitations

A significant limitation in this study was that a larger sample size could have been used for this study al-though those used were those in relatively- more fun-ctional OT facilities that could be accessed at the time of the research. There were a reduced number of male respondents although the number reflected the reality of the less involvement of the male parents in their childrens clinic appointments in Nigeria.

CONCLUSSION

In Nigeria, parents of children receiving paediatric OT services are fairly satisfied. The parents irrespective of their gender and geographical location (cultural back-ground) are always yearning for qualitative service delivery despite the limited resources in the practice setting. Satisfaction in OT interventions should be continuously researched in LMIC as this can enhance improved service delivery (Israel-Aina et al., 2017) and the promotion of the profession as parents can be Occupational therapists advocates once their needs are satisfactorily met (Moll et al., 2018).

ACKNOWDGEMENT

We express our profound gratitude to Prof. M. O Ibadin, the former Chief Medical Director, UBTH for his support for the transformation of Occupational therapy services in UBTH. We are also grateful to all our OT lecturers at Manipal University for their tutel-age and Prof. Rajashekhar Bellur (Dean, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University India) for his support during our training. Our thanks also go to Prof. Tulin Bodamyali (Dean, Faculty of Health Sci-ences) for her commitment to the growth of OT at the Girne American University, Cyprus.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Article References:

  1. Abaoğlu, H, Kars, S, & Çelik, Z.  (2017). ‘Life Skills in Occupational Therapy in (Ed.), Oc-cupational Therapy - Occupation Focused Ho-listic Practice in Rehabilitation. Intech Open. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68462 
  2. Adegbemigun, OD, Hamzat, TK, & Olaleye, OA. (2019). ‘Knowledge and beliefs of infor-mal caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in Nigeria concerning cerebral palsy, Medical Journal of Zambia, 46(3), pp. 172-179.
  3. Aiello A, Garman A, and Morris B, S. (2000). ‘Patient satisfaction with nursing care: A multilevel analysis. J Quality Management in Health Care, 312(3), pp.187-191.
  4. Bayona, CL, Nichols, M, & Mandich, A. (2006). ‘School-based occupational therapy for children with fine motor difficulties: eva-luating functional outcomes and fidelity of ser-vices, Phy Occ Ther Ped, 26(3), pp. 89-110.
  5. Blue-Banning, M, Summers, JA, Frankland, HC. (2004). ‘Dimensions of family and profe-ssional partnerships: Constructive guidelines for collaboration Exceptional Children, 70, pp.167–184. http://www.cec.sped.org/ 
  6. Bolt, M, Ikking, T, & Saenger, S. (2019). ‘Oc-cupational therapy and primary care Primary health care research & development, 20(27). https://doi.org/10.1017/S146342361800045. 
  7. Caitlin, MM, Meghan, NB, & Kristin, AV. (2018). ‘Parent Satisfaction of Occupational Therapy Interventions for Pediatrics, ‘Pedia-tric and Therapeutics, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0665.1000340. 
  8. Carrigan, N, Rodger S, & Copley J. (2001). ‘Parent satisfaction with a pediatric occupa-tional therapy service: A pilot investigation, Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pedia-tric, 21, pp.51-76.
  9. Carrigan, N, Rodger, S, & Copley, J. (2001). ‘Parent satisfaction with a paediatric occup-ational therapy service: a pilot investigation, Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics, 21(1), pp. 51–76.
  10. Dunn, W. (2011). ‘Best practice occupational therapy for children and families in comm.-unity settings, 2nd ed, Thorofare, USA: SLA-CK Incorporated; Chapter 1, Best practice philosophy for community services and fami-lies, pp. 1-12.
  11. Egilson, S. (2011). ‘Parent perspectives of the-rapy services for their children with physical disabilities Scandinavian J. of Caring Scien-ces, 25(2), pp.277–284. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2010.00823.x  
  12. Eki-Udoko F, E Atimati A, O. (2019). ‘Par-ental satisfaction with quality of malaria diag-nostic service at University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics, 46(3). https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njp/article/view/212130  
  13. Eleyinde, S, Amu, V, & Eleyinde, A. (2018). ‘Recent development of occupational therapy in Nigeria: Challenges and opportunities, World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin, 74, pp.1-7. https://doi.org/1080/14473828.2018.1426543  
  14. Hornsby A, S, Crouther J. (2000). Oxford ad-vanced learners dictionary, Oxford Univer-sity Press, Oxford; 10(42).
  15. Hudson, L, & Jacot, B. (1991). ‘Front Matter in the Way Men Think, Intellect, Intimacy, and the Erotic Imaginationpp. Yale University Press. 1(4). https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1ww3vn4.1  
  16. Isara, A, & Awunor, N, & Odigwe, C. (2021). ‘Utilization and satis-faction with health screening services by staff of University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City Nigeria. J. Hosp Pract Admin, 1, pp: 7-15.
  17. Israel-Aina, Y,T, Odunvbun, M,E, Aina-Israel, O.  (2017). Parental Satisfaction with Quality of Health Care of Children with Sickle Cell Disease at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. J. of Community Medi-cine & Primary Health Care, 29(2), pp.33-4.
  18. Jaffe, L, Humphry, R, & Case- Smith J. (2010). ‘Working with families in J O, Case-Smith, J, Brien, editors. Occupational Therapy for children 6th ed. Mosby; Pp. 108-123.
  19. Khan, F, Hamzat T K, & Galea, M.P. (2017). ‘Challenges and barriers for implementation of the world health organization global disability action plan in low- and middle- income coun-tries. J Rehabil Med., 49(00-00).
  20. King, G, Cathers, T, King, S, & Rosenbaum, P. (2001). ‘Major elements of parents satisfaction and dissatisfaction with pediatric rehabilitation services, Child. Heal.Care, 30(2), pp. 111-13.
  21. Kolehmainen, N, McKee, L, & Francis, J. (2010). ‘Mothers perceptions of their child-rens occupational therapy processes: a qua-litative interview study. British J. of Occu-pational Therapy, 73(5), pp. 192–199. https://doi.org/10.4276/030802210X12734991664101  
  22. Mahendran, M, Dinesh, K. (2019). Inter-national Journal of Science and Research (IJSR); 9(8). www.ijsr.net 
  23. McCall, S, & Schneck, C. (2000). ‘Parents perceptions of occupational therapy services for their children with developmental dis-abilities: Developmental disabilities special interest section quarterly. American Occu-pational therapy Association, 23(1), pp.1-4.
  24. Moll, CM, Billick, MN, & Valdes, K. (2018). ‘Parent satisfaction of occupational therapy interventions for pediatrics, Pediatr Ther, 8(1) pp. 1-8.
  25. Mustary N., and Haque MM. (2021). Studies on behavioral problem of children: effects of occupational and socio-demographic charac-teristics of working mother in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, Eur. J. Med. Health Sci., 3(4), 72-78. https://doi.org/10.34104/ejmhs.021.072078   
  26. Ofili A, N & Ofovwe C, E. (2005). ‘Patients assessment of efficiency of services at a teaching hospital in a developing country Annals of Afri. Medicine, 4(4), pp.150-153.
  27.  Rodger, S, Keen D, & Cook S. (2007). ‘Mot-hers satisfaction with a home based early in-tervention programme for children with ASD J. of Applied Research in Intellectual Dis-abilities (JARID). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2007.00393.x  
  28. Shields, N, Synnot, A. (2016). ‘Perceived bar-riers and facilitators to participation in phy-sical activity for children with disability: a qualitative study BMC Pediat, 16(9), pp.1-10.
  29. World Health Organization, (2021). Rehabi-litation key facts. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rehabilitation  

Article Info:

Academic Editor

Dr. Abduleziz Jemal Hamido, Deputy Managing Editor (Health Sciences), Universe Publishing Group (UniversePG), Haramaya, Ethiopia.

Received

June 15, 2022

Accepted

July 25, 2022

Published

August 2, 2022

Article DOI: 10.34104/ejmhs.022.01300137

Corresponding author

Eleyinde S. Tayo*

Department of Occupational Therapy, Girne American University, Turkish Republic of North Cyprus, TRNC, Cyprus

Cite this article

Tayo ES, Blessing E, and Adebola OE. (2022). The dynamics of the parental satisfaction of the children receiving occupational therapy services in a resource-limited setting. Eur. J. Med. Health Sci., 4(4), 130-137. https://doi.org/10.34104/ejmhs.022.01300137 

Views
317
Download
333
Citations
Badge Img
Share